- Try to identify contigency events
- Be prepared with plans , strategies and approaches avoiding , coping or even exploiting them
Aim
- To minimise the impact of a foreseable event
- To plan for how the business will resume normal operating after the event
The preparation of contingency plans due to the thing do wrong from time to time .
- Contingency planning involves :
- Preparing for predictable and quantifiable crises
- Preparing for unexpected and unwelcome events .
* Times robbers are anything that steals valuable time away from focused objectives (ＣＤＣ ｕｎｉｆｉｅｄ , 2012)
Numerous time robbers
* Lack of adequate responsibilities
* Too many people involved in minor decision - making
* Lack of project organization
* Lack of qualified manpower
* Poor functional status reporting
* Too many meetings .
* Misplaced information
* Dealing with unrealiable subconractor
* Desire for perfection
* Lack of communication
Define :
* A set of percentage of time budgeted usually ( 5-10%) for unforeseen design shortfalls identified after a construction project commences .
* Refer to assumptions of additional time given to complete an element .
Time Robbers can be occur in any stages or places n the construction project . Thus it is important to prevention or avoid of Time Robbers .
Method to prevent or eliminate
* Planning work program ( Grantt Chart ) - invented by henry L. Gantt.
* It shown the task what must be complete , when should it complete ( date of start and finish ) and the duration to complete for each task and identify ciritical path .
* Alert PM aware of the activities ( critical) .
Contingency in Time Management
Purpose & Functions
* To reduce the risk of overruns at acceptable level
* To cover the cost of unforeseen factors in construction .
* Due to unforeseen events or failure that may needed to make good the amendments .
Productivity
* Productivity is a measure of how specified resources are managed to accomplish timely objectives as stated in term of quantity and quality .
* Defined as an index that measures output ( Good and services ) relative to the input ( labour , materials, energy , etc . Used to produce the output ) .
* Productivity can be explained as getting the most done in the least possible time
* Effective time management skills , a manager will be able to get more done in less time from himself and from his team for the client improving productivity .
* PM will look at the project as a whole in deciding which acitivities are most critical
* Develop m,ethod for achieving productivity improvement , such as giving reward workers for contribution .
* Stuying how other firms have increased productitvity , and reexamining the way work is done .
* Measure for all operations to evaluate performance
* Allow firms to measure productivity improvement over time , or measure the impact of certain decisions .
Factor affecting productivity in Time Mangement
* man-power
*Materials
* Machinery
* Other factor
Productivity
* factors that affect the productivity
a) Communication
- make sure that everyine is on the same page
b) Building materials delay
- if materials don't arrive on time , workers are going to have waited .
c) Training
* Make sure that everyone on site is properly trained to do their job
* Know how to operate all of the equipment
d) Planning
* identify possible barriers and figure out ways to fix before project start
e) Security
* Expensive stuff and material don't simply lost and missing
f) Extended Overtime
* Extending overtime decrease productivity due to workers are tired at the end of the way .
Man-Power
- Labour availability
- Experience possess by Contractors
- Motivation by project management / contractor / client
Productivity In Time Management
Define :
* Output per labour hour
* Referred to as Labour Productivity
* A measure of the overall effectiveness of an operating system in utilizing :
* LABOUR , MATERIALS AND MACHINERY to convert labour efforts into output .
Materials
- Unmatch materials
- Shortage of materials
- Delay transport of materials
- Poor quality materials
Time management& Priorities
* Manage Priorities
- To make sure you are getting the right thing done
Prioritizing ( different between productivity effectiveness )
* Productivity is how much you get done
* Effectiveness is how valuable is the stuff you got done
* To be effective .
- Decide what tasks are urgent and important
- Focus on these
Other Factors Affecting Productivity
* Climate and Environment Obstruction
* Job Site Accessibility
* Size of Project and Complexity
* Role of Client
Time management & Priorities
* The important steps :
1. List the tasks you have
2. Sort these in order of priority
3. Devote most time to the most important tasks
* Why ?
- To avoids the natural tendency to concentrate on the simple , easy tasks .
- To allow too many interruprtions to your work .
" To manage the priorities , first manage your goals ,"
Priorities
- Something or someone is more urgent or important than other things
- Something important that must be done first or needs more attention than anything else .
Method to determine priorities
- List everthing that need to do
* Why am I doing this ? "
* how urgent is the task ? "
ABC METHOD
- A - " Must - Do " Items
* These essential items often include crucial deadlines . opportunities for success or promotion , management directives or customer requests ( Laken Alan , 1973)
B- " Should - Do: Items
* These are items of medium value which do not have critical deadlines . These tasks may contribute to improved performance but they usually can be postponed temporarily , if necessary
Conclusion
* Basic 3 elements is the main concern of the project
* Practice makes perfect
* Well planning of #M ( machinery , manpower , materials )
* Fully utilise tools such as CPM method , Microsoft project , primavera
* Proper communication and coordination among participants can provide an productive environment
Cost , quality , time
C- Nice to do items
* These items could be eliminated , postponed or scheduled for slower periods .
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